These synthetic data are based on a study by Maene and colleagues, which conducted an LCA with ordinal indicators on National, Regional, and Heritage Identities in Flemish (Belgian) high-school students with a migration background, and examined between class differences in perceived discrimination by teachers and depressive symptoms.
data(maene_identity)A data frame with 439 rows and 13 variables.
| Ethnic_1 | ordered | when I introduce myself, I would definitely say I belong to this group, answered on a 5-point Likert scale |
| Ethnic_2 | ordered | I have a strong sense of belonging to this group, answered on a 5-point Likert scale |
| Ethnic_3 | ordered | I see myself as a member of this group, answered on a 5-point Likert scale |
| Belgian | ordered | Do you feel a member of the Belgian group, answered on a 10-point Likert scale |
| Flemish | ordered | Do you feel a member of the Flemish group, answered on a 10-point Likert scale |
| age | numeric | Participant age |
| sex | factor | Participant sex |
| ses | numeric | Socio-economic status, measured using the International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status (ISEI) |
| belgianborn | factor | Whether or not the participant was born in Belgium |
| age_belgium | numeric | Age at which the participant migrated to Belgium |
| vict_bully | factor | Whether or not the participant has ever been the victim of peer bullying for any reason |
| vict_teacher | factor | Whether or not the participant has ever been insulted, threatened, pushed, treated unfairly or excluded by teachers because of their foreign descent, language use, and skin colour |
| depression | numeric | Scale scores of self-reported depressive feelings, assessed using the a ten-item scale with 5-point Likert-type response options |
Maene, C., D’hondt, F., Van Lissa, C. J., Thijs, J., & Stevens, P. A. (2022). Perceived teacher discrimination and depressive feelings in adolescents: the role of national, regional, and heritage identities in Flemish schools. Journal of youth and adolescence, 51(12), 2281-2293. doi:10.1007/s10964-022-01665-7